Neonatal gynaecomastia (Breast enlargement)

• This is a very common concern especially for new parents!

• Overall, 60-90% of neonates have gynaecomastia - Breast enlargement

• Cause: Hormonal Influence:

  • Transfer of maternal hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone, across the placenta to the baby during pregnancy. These hormones stimulate the development of the baby's breast tissue, regardless of sex

• It is common and is independent of the sex of the baby.

• Generally bilateral - although may not be symmetrical.

  
  

It's Temporary:

• Usually occurs in the first week - generally resolves within a few weeks- but may persist for several months of life, but resolves as the hormones gradually leave the baby's system,

Witch's Milk": Sometimes, along with the swelling, you might notice a small amount of milky fluid leaking from the baby's nipples. This is often called "witch's milk" and is also a normal hormonal effect that will resolve on its own.  

Important Note: 

• Do not squeeze or massage the baby's breasts. 

  • squeezing the breast to facilitate the discharge may lead to irritation, further enlargement, the persistence of the hypertrophied tissue, or, in rare cases, infection (mastitis or abscess).

  • Just let nature take its course.

When to consult:

• Signs of infection: Redness, warmth, tenderness, or pus-like discharge from the breast area.  

• Fever: If your baby has a fever along with the breast swelling.

• Unilateral swelling: If only one breast is significantly larger than the other.

• Prolonged swelling: If the swelling persists beyond a couple of months.