🦷 Teeth grinding at night in children - Sleep Bruxism

Is relatively common, especially in children between the ages of 3 and 10.

It often occurs during non-REM sleep.

it's often a developmental phase that many children outgrow.

What exactly is happening?

Sleep bruxism is a movement disorder in which the jaw muscles rhythmically contract, causing clenching or grinding of the teeth during sleep. It’s classified separately from the occasional “day-time” clenching children might do when concentrating.

Teeth grinding (sleep bruxism) in children – a parent-friendly guide

2. Is it common?

• Prevalence: 15 – 40 % of preschool- and primary-school-age children grind their teeth at least occasionally.

• Natural history: Incidence peaks around 4–6 years and usually fades as the nervous system matures, with most children stopping by early adolescence.

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3. Why does my child grind?

4. Signs to watch for

• Audible grinding sounds or rhythmic jaw movements during sleep

• Worn down teeth or flattened biting surfaces, smooth shiny areas on tooth surfaces

• Complaints of jaw pain or tightness

• Headaches (especially in the morning)

• Complaints of earache with a normal ear exam

• Tooth sensitivity

• Disturbed sleep or daytime fatigue

5. When is it a problem?

Contact your dentist or pediatrician if you notice any of the following:Permanent-tooth damage, pain that lasts into the day, jaw locking/clicking, headaches interfering with school, or signs of obstructive sleep apnea (loud nightly snoring, gasping, daytime sleepiness).

6. How professionals make the diagnosis

Dentists usually rely on history (parental reports of grinding) plus examination for wear facets. Polysomnography is reserved for complicated cases or when obstructive sleep apnea is suspected.

7. Evidence-based management

Good sleep hygiene helps everyone: maintain a calming 30-minute wind-down routine, dim lights, no caffeine after lunch, and consistent bed- and wake-times.

8. What parents can do tonight

1. Listen for grinding sounds and keep a simple sleep diary (time to bed, noises, morning mood).

2. Check breathing – snoring or open-mouth breathing suggests an ENT review may be useful.

3. Reduce stress before bed – reading together, warm bath, or breathing exercises.

4. Schedule a dental visit if you see flattened teeth, chips, or your child complains of jaw pain

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9. Reassuring outlook

In most healthy children, sleep bruxism is temporary and causes little harm. Early dental monitoring and simple lifestyle measures prevent the minority of cases that do lead to tooth damage or jaw discomfort from becoming a bigger problem down the road. (PubMed)

This information is for education only and not a substitute for professional medical or dental advice. If you have any concerns about your child’s symptoms, seek a personalized evaluation.

Common Causes:

1. Misaligned teeth or jaw

2. Stress or anxiety – emotional changes, school pressure, or family conflict

3. Pain response – such as teething or ear infections

4. Parasomnias – such as sleep talking or sleepwalking

5. Sleep disorders – like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

6. Neurological or developmental conditions – more common in children with ADHD or cerebral palsy

7. Use of medications – especially those affecting the central nervous system (e.g., stimulants)

Signs and Symptoms:

• Audible grinding sounds at night

• Complaints of jaw pain or tightness

• Headaches (especially in the morning)

• Worn down teeth or flattened biting surfaces

• Tooth sensitivity

• Disturbed sleep or daytime fatigue

Management and Treatment:

1. Reassurance – In many cases, bruxism is mild and resolves on its own with age.

2. Stress management – Establish calming bedtime routines; address emotional triggers.

3. Pain relief – For teething or ear pain, consider acetaminophen/ibuprofen if needed.

4. Mouthguards/nightguards – Custom-made guards (for older children) if tooth damage is present.

5. Dental evaluation – To assess bite alignment and tooth wear.

6. Treat underlying conditions – Like allergies, sleep apnea, or neurological issues.

Tips for Parents:

• Use a calm, consistent bedtime routine

• Avoid screen time before bed

• Limit caffeine or sugary drinks

• Observe your child’s sleep for any abnormal patterns (snoring, pauses, gasping)

• Keep dental checkups regular (every 6 months)